Did your sealant bubble up too? My buddy rushed sealing his garage floor and didn't sweep up the construction dust. A week later it looked like plastic wrap peeling off a bad leftovers container. He had to rent a grinder and strip the whole mess.
Saw a contractor's blog post that said moisture under the slab causes way more bubbles than dust alone! The concrete has to be totally dry or the trapped water vapor pushes the sealant right up. Your buddy's dust probably just made the bond even weaker so it failed faster. Proper prep is such a boring step but skipping it always costs more time and money later. That grinding job sounds like a brutal way to learn that lesson.